Project Whitecoat
In one of the most intriguing episodes in the history of American Adventist involvement with the military, more than 2,000 Adventist draftees fulfilled their military duty between 1954 and 1973 by participating in a program testing defenses against biological weapons. With the new level of threat from biological weapons in the early 21st century, the story becomes all the more relevant.

Sources
All Things Considered, National Public Radio (October 13, 1998). Audio at http://www.npr.org/programs/atc/archives/1998/981013.atc.html

Henderson, LaVerne. "The Operation Whitecoat Story," Columbia Union Visitor (March 1, 2002), pp. 4, 5.

Morgan, Douglas. Adventism and the American Republic: The Public Involvement of a Major Apocalyptic Movement (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2001), pp.156-158.

"Project Whitecoat: The Adventist Contribution to Biowarfare," The Winds: World Internet News Distributary Source: http://thewinds.arcsnet.net/arc_features/religion/whitecoat11-98.html.

Smith, Krista Thompson. "Adventists and Biological Warfare," Spectrum 25 (March 1996), pp. 35-50.

Turner, Martin D. "Project Whitecoat," Spectrum 2 (Summer 1970), pp. 55-70.

The Nazi Specter
The tragedy of Christian complicity in the militarist, racist, and genocidal extremes of Nazi Germany looms as the ultimate warning over all subsequent Christian involvement with the state and the military. The story of Adventism's travail under Nazism is bound up with the controversy about military service in Germany emerging out of World War I. As the following list of sources suggests, Roland Blaich, now retired professor of history at Walla Walla College, has made the greatest contribution to uncovering the painful truth about the extent to which Adventism succumbed to the Nazi temptation.

Sources
Blaich, Roland. "Divided Loyalties: American and German Seventh-dayAdventists and the Second World War," Spectrum 30 (Winter 2002), pp. 37-51.

_________. "Health Reform and Race Hygiene: Adventists and the Biomedical Vision of the Third Reich," Church History 65 (September 1996), pp. 425-440.

_________. "Nazi Race Hygiene and the Adventists," Spectrum 25 (September 1996), pp. 11-23.

_________. "Religion Under National Socialism: The Case of the German Adventist Church," Central European History 26 (September 1993), pp. 255 280.

_________. "Selling Nazi Germany Abroad: The Case of Hulda Jost," Journal of Church and State 35 (Autumn 1993), pp. 807-830.

Patt, Jack M. "Living in a Time of Trouble: German Adventists Under Nazi Rule," Spectrum 8 (March 1977), pp. 2-10.

Schwartz, Richard, and Greenleaf, Floyd. Light Bearers: A History of the Seventh-day Adventist Church (Nampa, Idaho: Pacific Press Publ. Assn., 2000), pp. 372-374.

Sicher, Erwin. "Seventh-day Adventist Publications and the Nazi Temptation," Spectrum 8 (March 1977), pp. 11-24.